ROUND TABLE: New information of DNA barcoding of the fossil remains of the species genus Homo
Vasily V. Anikin Chernyshevsky Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
Abstract
Archaeological finds of recent years and their genetic studies indicate that people could have left Africa much earlier, at least 130 thousand years ago, and had contact with Neanderthals for a long time. This is confirmed by the findings in Morocco of the remains of Homo sapiens who lived in Africa about 300 thousand years ago.
Moreover, the role of the ancestral homeland of mankind today is "already" claimed by South Africa, in the caves of which scientists recently found Cro-Magnon tools with an age of 150 thousand years and the remains of Homo naledi, potential human ancestors who lived in the cave of Naledi about 330 thousand years ago. All this makes many scientists today believe that humanity did not arise in "one" point in Africa, but as a result of the interaction of several groups of ancient people who lived in different parts of the continent (the theory of African "gardens of Eden").
In addition, modern findings and decoding of the genome of ancient hominids from Europe. In comparison with the genomes of modern Africans, Europeans and Chinese, both high and remote genetic kinship of modern human races was shown. In addition, the genome of an ancient Russian practically did not contain the DNA of Asians and Indians, which may indicate that the ancestors of modern peoples of Europe and Asia "separated" at least 36 thousand years ago. Each group of people isolated by glaciers, straits, mountain ranges, etc., began its own path of development and after 30 thousand years formed into a rather unique genetic pool (known to us as northern Eurasians, European hunter-gatherers, etc.). New work in this area will help in the near future to delve even deeper into the details of related relationships and discover new information about the phylogeny of representatives of the genus Homo from different continents of our planet.
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Vasily V. Anikin
Chernyshevsky Saratov State University
Russia
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