Preparation of stable conjugates of gold nanoparticles with disaccharide aglycones

Abstract

Developing methods for producing stable oligosaccharide conjugates with nanomaterials is a pressing issue in modern glycobiology and nanomedicine. Disaccharides play a key role in cell recognition, adhesion, and immune responses, and also serve as precursors in the (bio)synthesis of larger oligosaccharides. Immobilization of carbohydrate ligands on the surface of gold nanoparticles offers potential for the creation of biosensors, diagnostic systems, and immunization targets. However, a key limitation is ensuring the colloidal stability of such systems under physiological conditions. The aim of this study was to obtain stable conjugates of colloidal gold with synthetic aglycones containing maltose and cellobiose residues.
This study utilized a solution of 15 nm diameter gold nanoparticles obtained by the Frens method. Four compounds—thiol- and amino-terminal derivatives of maltose and cellobiose—were used as aglycones. These compounds were synthesized and provided by the Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russia). Conjugation was performed by directly mixing aqueous solutions of gold nanoparticles and aglycones, followed by incubation. The nanoparticle-to-aglycone ratio and the pH of the medium were optimized experimentally.
The stability of the resulting conjugates was assessed by visible spectrophotometry. Retention of the surface plasmon resonance peak at approximately 520 nm upon the addition of salts and buffer solutions indicated the formation of stable carbohydrate-nanoparticle complexes resistant to aggregation. The resulting conjugates can be used in the chemoenzymatic synthesis of oligosaccharides, for animal immunization and antibody production, and for the detection of disaccharide-specific lectins and enzymes.

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Redjepova Alena
Saratov State University
Russia

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