Nanobiointerfaces: Composition and functionality of complexes between nanoparticles and bioreceptors
Anatoly V. Zherdev
A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Abstract
Conjugates of nanoparticles and bioreceptor molecules (antibodies, aptamers, etc.) are efficient reactants applied in various bioanalytical systems. Combining two components in the conjugates ensures in the course of the assays both the formation and separation of analyte-containing complexes and the generation of registered signals. In this regard, the used conjugates should retain functionality of their components and ensure detection of analytes at minimal concentrations. The report considers methods for characterizing and criteria for selecting such conjugates.
The developed techniques for measuring the composition and reactivity of the conjugates' based on recording the fluorescence of immobilized reagents are presented. The accuracy and ranges of applicability of these techniques are assessed for recording tryptophan fluorescence in antibodies and protein antigens and for inclusion of fluorescein in antigen preparations. Using these techniques, sorption, covalent and affinity immobilizations of antibodies and aptamers are compared. Structural changes of bioreceptors for different modes of immobilization are discussed.
Features of spherical and branched gold nanoparticles, magnetite particles, semiconductor quantum dots as carriers for reagents' immobilization are characterized. The demands for nanocarriers/nanolabels in membrane analytical systems, homogeneous systems with modulated optical signals are specified. The sensitivity changes of competitive and non-competitive assays with varying sizes of nanoparticles or degrees of their coating by immobilized molecules are discussed.
The developed immunochromatographic systems for detecting antibiotics of different classes, based on the use of the selected nanoparticles-antibodies conjugates, are presented.
The work is financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant 24-16-00273).
Speaker
Anatoly V. Zherdev
A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Acad. Sci.
Russia
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