Liquid biopsy in multiple myeloma based on a combination of SERS and multivariate analysis
Lyudmila A. Bratchenko1, Yulia A. Khristoforova1, Irina A. Pimenova1, Elena N. Tupikova1, Maria A. Skuratova2, Georgy A. Dvoynikov-Sechnoy3, Petr A. Lebedev4, Ivan A. Bratchenko1; 1Samara University, Samara, Russia; 2Samara City Clinical Hospital No1 named after N. I. Pirogov, Samara, Russia; 3Samara Clinical Regional Hospital named after. V.D. Seredavin, Samara, Russia; 4Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a hematological malignancy begins in abnormal plasma cell proliferation within the bone marrow. The current work proposes a simple serum SERS technique for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma based on a substrate of agglomerates of spherical silver particles. The SERS spectra were registered with a Raman spectrometric system (EnSpectr R785, Spektr-M, Chernogolovka, Russia) through a microscope (ADF U300, ADF, China) with 50× LMPlan Objective. The raw spectrum for each sample is an automatic sequential recording of four spectra, followed by averaging to compensate for shot noise. Using the proposed low-cost approach, the spectral characteristics of 17 serum samples from patients with myeloma and 102 serum samples from age-matched control group patients were recorded. The spectral area of 517−1913 cm−1 was preprocessed and analyzed by chemometrics method. The combination of the SERS technique with multivariate analysis for serum testing provided “good” classification of myeloma patients and control patients with an average accuracy of more than 85%. Analysis of the biochemical interpretation of the classification of the recorded spectra identified the bands 635 cm-1 and 723 cm-1 (markers of changes in kidney clearance) and 1052 cm-1 (protein composition marker) as the most informative bands. In general, the proposed SERS-based tool can become the basis for screening myeloma and can be easily integrated into clinical practice, expanding diagnostic capabilities where expensive equipment is not available.
Speaker
Lyudmila A. Bratchenko
Samara University
Russia
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