Novel functional oxide and carbide ceramics for biomedical applications
Aleksei V. Kaledin1, Sergey L. Shikunov1, Irina N. Dolganova1, Irina A. Shikunova1, Gleb M. Katyba1, Vladimir N. Kurlov1;
1 - Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia
Abstract
In this paper the results of a study of the optical and mechanical properties of composite ceramics for biomedical applications is presented. Sapphire, eutectic oxide and silicon carbide ceramics have good potential for the manufacture of bone tissue implants with high biocompatibility and improved osteointegration compared to metal analogues. The proposed production methods and developed approaches to obtaining ceramic implants can improve their functionality and produce complex geometric shapes.
Profiled sapphire ceramics is primarily intended for using as a material for maxillofacial and dental implants due to its high biocompatibility and bioinertness. In addition, the ability to transmit radiation through the implant in a highly efficient manner allows the inflammatory process in the surrounding bone tissue to be influenced and the osteointegration time to be significantly reduced.
Eutectic and silicon carbide composite ceramics have high mechanical strength, close to the cortical bone tissue. The silicon carbide ceramics described in this work are divided into two types - biomorphic based on wood as a precursor and synthetic based on carbon powders. There is an ability to control the level of porosity in the near-surface layer of the implant due to new approaches to obtain biomorph and sintetic silicon carbide ceramics.This has the potential to significantly increase the efficiency of osseointegration while maintaining the necessary strength to provide load bearing without fracture. The porosity in the samples can be varied by using different types of wood in biomorphic ceramics and different fractions of carbon powders and their combinations in synthetic ceramics . Preliminary studies on the cytotoxicity of the developed materials have shown good potential for using them as materials for bone tissue implants.
Speaker
Aleksei V. Kaledin
Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia
Russia
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