The influence of potassium guamate on the optical characteristics of peas

Abstract

The paper presents the results of experimental studies on the use of optical methods to assess the effect of potassium guamate on the microstructure of peas. Peas were grown hydroponically. The hydroponic growing method made it possible to most simply solve the problem of determining the dependence of the optical coefficient on the applied fertilizers and their connection with the biological parameters of the plant.
The research objects were divided into 2 groups depending on the nutrient medium used for the hydroponic system: 1 – peas grown in distilled water (control sample, taking into account the influence of the environment); 2 – peas grown with the addition of potassium humate. Fertilizer was applied on the first day of planting peas at a dose of 0.49 g/200 ml of water. The level of the nutrient medium in the hydroponic system was maintained constant throughout the experiment by adding distilled water. The experiments were carried out over 3 months.
All studies were carried out using the fluorescence method. This method was implemented on the basis of a Sharmrock S R-303i spectrometer (Andor Technology Ltd., UK), a digital cooled camera ANDOR DV-420A-OE (Andor Technology Ltd., UK) and a computer. A laser diode with a wavelength of 480 nm served as a fluorescence source. An additional optical control method was microscopic analysis, which was implemented using a laser confocal fluorescence microscopy system assembled on the basis of an Olympus IX71 microscope and an ANDOR laser combine.
To assess the effect of potassium guamate on the microstructure of peas, an optical coefficient related to the plant life cycle was introduced.
As a result of experiments conducted on the use of optical methods to study the effect of potassium guamate on the microstructure of peas, it was found that the highest values of the introduced optical coefficient were observed 20 days after planting, which indicates the maximum production of chlorophylls during this period.
In the group using potassium guamate as a nutrient medium, the maximum values of the optical coefficient R were observed throughout the entire study period, which indicates the positive effect of this fertilizer on the production of chlorophyll.
Using microscopic analysis, changes in the microstructure of pea leaves associated with changes in the number of chloroplasts during different periods of the plant life cycle were established. The largest number of chloroplasts was found in group 2 of studies 20 days after planting.

Speaker

Elena Timchenko
Samara University
Россия

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