Optical methods for determining the maturity of apple fruits

Abstract

The paper presents the results of studies on the use of optical methods to determine the maturity of apple fruits.
The fruits of the summer apple variety "Medovoe", which were grown in the field, were used as objects of research. Apples were studied at different stages of fruit ripening for three months from June to August. The skin of apples was examined once a month using optical research methods - the method of fluorescence and fluorescence microscopy.
The experiments were carried out using a system of laser confocal fluorescence microscopy assembled on the basis of an Olympus IX71 microscope and an ANDOR laser combiner, as well as using fluorescence analysis using a Sharmrock S R-303i spectrometer (Andor Technology Ltd., UK), an ANDOR DV- cooled digital camera. 420A-OE (Andor Technology Ltd., UK) and computer. An additional analysis method was the fluorescence method, which was implemented on the basis of a Sharmrock S R-303i spectrometer (Andor Technology Ltd., UK), an ANDOR DV-420A-OE digital cooled camera (Andor Technology Ltd., UK) and a computer.
As a result of experimental studies using the fluorescence method and fluorescence microscopic analysis, it was found that the minimum photosynthetic activity of apple skin chlorophyll can serve as an indicator of their optimal harvesting time.
The optical parameter introduced in the work can serve as an indicator at which the state of maturity of the fetus has reached the optimal value.

Speaker

Elena Timchenko
Samara University
Russia

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