Analyzing fluorescence lifetime parameters to calculate MAO enzyme activity in biological tissue

Abstract

The monitoring of subcellular functions and structural changes is essential for detecting healthy tissue development and diagnosing disease progression. In recent years, monoamine oxidases have been extensively studied. Even so, monitoring its activity in vivo is an interesting endeavour. The amount of endogenous fluorescent protein-bound cofactor FAD can be correlated with MAO activity. This observation led to the development of a promising method for monitoring MAO activity in human skin based on its fluorescence lifetime parameters. Fluorescence lifetime is determined by the parameters of fluorophores, not by their concentrations. As a result, metabolic changes in tissues can be studied more accurately.
A mathematical model for assessing MAO activity was developed based on quantitative differences in metabolic processes during the active and inhibited states. Protein binding reduces the lifetime of flavin fluorescence by a significant amount. The fluorescence component with a short lifetime t 1 primarily carries information about the dynamics and activity of flavins bound to MAO. MAO activity was assessed based on the values of the first lifetime component. Consequently, the mathematical model does not use the value of the fluorescence intensity, which is highly variable and highly dependent on the blood volume fraction. This approach enabled the measurement of MAO activity in both the inhibited and active states. A model presented here may assist in the optical diagnosis of metabolic disorders in living cells and tissues. This study was supported by the Russian Federation Government grant №075-15-2022-1095.

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Olga A. Stelmashchuk
Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Orel
Russia

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