Gliotransmitter and astrocytic calcium dynamics regulatory pathways mediate synaptic activity
Andrey Yu. Verisokin, 1
Alexey R. Brazhe, 2,3
Darya V. Verveyko, 1
Dmitry E. Postnov, 4
1 Department of Theoretical Physics, Kursk State University, Kursk, Russia
2 Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
3 Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
4 Saratov State National Research University, Saratov, Russia
Abstract
Astrocytes not only provide for the transfer of nutrients between blood vessels and neurons, but take part in signaling through nerve tissue and regulate synaptic formation, pruning, and plasticity. Analysis of the impact of the domain organization of astrocytes on the local and collective dynamics of neurons is needed for both the fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of the central nervous system function and for the creation of new methods of neurodegenerative pathology treatment without directly affecting the neural network. Based on the available experimental data, we propose a model study of the role of astrocytic calcium signaling in the regulation of synaptic transmission of information between neurons in order to elucidate the regulatory pathways of neural activity and to reveal the role of astrocyte calcium signaling in it. The proposed model is based on the following assumptions: (i) localized release of gliotransmitters depends on the spatiotemporal patterns of calcium activity and is determined by cell morphology and topology of the entire network; (ii) the release of gliotransmitters can lead to spatial segregation of the nervous tissue into zones in which different conditions are maintained that increase or decrease the efficiency of synapses. This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant 21-74-00095.
Speaker
Andrey Yu. Verisokin
Kursk State University
Russia
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