Whole blood Raman spectroscopy Analysis for Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

The myocardial infarction (MI) has major effect on the mortality rate of the society. Diabetes mellites, hypertension, inflammation are some of the risk factors of MI. The studies have shown that presence of inflammation, alters activity of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) cofactor. A positive correlation between inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (CRP) and BH4 is also reported. The direct measurement of BH4 in blood is tedious, thus making it less suitable for clinical application. Here in this study, variation in BH4 is indirectly estimated using phenylalanine to tyrosine ratio in MI blood samples. Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid, and tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid. Since it can be synthesized by hydroxylation of phenylalanine in body through phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) enzyme. The activity of PAH enzyme is regulated by tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) cofactor. Thus, the deficiency in BH4 cofactor is reflected in phenylalanine to tyrosine ratio.

Raman spectroscopy is promising method, for clinical application. In the present Raman spectral study of whole blood samples, the intensity ratio corresponding to phenylalanine (1000cm-1) and tyrosine (825cm-1) is calculated to predict the changes in availability BH4 cofactor. Principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out and has showed good clustering among the different categories. The technique can be utilized to investigate the level of inflammation in MI samples by indirectly assessing BH4 availability.


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Reena V John
Ph.D. Student, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India-576104
India

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