Towards the creation of a magic bullet: supramolecular nanostructures for oncotheranostics

Abstract

The rapidly developing field of nanomedicine relies on the development of multifunctional nanostructures possessing both diagnostic and therapeutic functions. The most promising platform for the creation of such structures is nanoagents of various natures. Nanoscale materials have unique properties that are not revealed in bulk samples or single atoms, which make it possible to use them most effectively in biomedicine, e.g. incorporation of low-soluble compounds into the nanostructure, perform electromagnetic field-induced hyperthermia, as well as nanoparticle-mediated targeted chemo- or radiotherapy. Thus, nanoagents make it possible to implement the concept of a "magic bullet" - an ideal agent for therapy and diagnosis, which recognizes only certain cell type (e.g., cancer) and act in a smart manner without side effects.
The report presents the results of a series of works devoted to the design, synthesis, and modification of the spectrum of organic and inorganic nanostructures (magnetic, gold, silver, protein, silicon, hybrid smart structures - biorobots, as well as polymeric [1-7]). The developed nanostructures have been successfully modified with targeting molecules of a very different nature: both full-size and mini-antibodies, as well as scaffold recognition proteins of a non-immunoglobulin nature – DARPins and affibodies. A number of methods have been developed for the effective administration of these supramolecular agents into the body, including those affecting the half-life in the bloodstream and improving the accumulation in xenograft tumors of experimental animals. These studies are a step towards the creation of new-generation drugs that can diagnose the disease and act as a therapeutic compound when needed.

The study was supported with RFBR grant No 20-34-70136 (cell cultures) and the Russian Science Foundation grant No 17-74-20146 (nanoparticle synthesis and in vivo studies).


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7. Victoria O. Shipunova, Elena N. Komedchikova, Polina A. Kotelnikova, Ivan V. Zelepukin, Alexey A. Schulga, Galina M. Proshkina, Elena I. Shramova, Hilliard L. Kutscher, Georgij B. Telegin, Andrei V. Kabashin, Paras N. Prasad, and Sergey Mikhailovich Deyev (2020). Dual Regioselective Targeting the Same Receptor in Nanoparticle-Mediated Combination Immuno/Chemotherapy for Enhanced Image-Guided Cancer Treatment. ACS Nano. Just Accepted, September 10, 2020.

Speaker

Victoria Shipunova
IBCh RAS
Russia

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