Effect of various nanoparticles on aggregation of human red blood cells in vitro retrieved by diffuse light scattering technique

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NPs) have a great potential for various applications ranging from the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries to modern medicine for the purpose of diagnostics and therapy. Using red blood cells (RBCs) as natural transport agents for systemic drug delivery by placing NPs onto the RBC surface is considered a new paradigm in modern medicine that possesses great potential. Safety issues and verification of the effectiveness of NPs used in biomedical applications have been examined in many articles. The aim of this work is to study the effect of various NPs on the microrheological properties of RBCs after incubation of whole blood samples with these NPs at various concentrations in vitro using laser-optical methods.
The results demonstrate high sensitivity to changes in blood microrheological parameters after whole blood samples were exposed to various NPs – statistically significant differences were found in these parameters after blood incubation with NPs. At low concentrations (5-10 μg/mL), the highest increase in critical shear stress (CSS), parameter characterizing the hydrodynamic strength of RBC aggregates, was observed upon incubation with NDs by 19±5%. The highest decrease in CSS at high concentration (400 μg/mL) was caused by Al2O3 RODI 50±13%. The highest decrease in the aggregation index (AI), parameter characterizing the percentage of aggregated RBCs, compared to other nanoparticles was observed in the experiment with ZnO NPs, eventually by 70±3% at concentration 400 μg/mL. It should also be noted that, at low concentrations, TiO2 NPs and NDs cause the largest increase in CSS compared to other NPs. At high concentrations, all NPs have a pronounced inhibitory effect on the RBC aggregation parameters.

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Speaker

Danila Umerenkov
Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Russia

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