Study of rat blood plasma after prolonged exposure to OCA-aerosol by Raman spectroscopy
Arina A. Sokova 1, Ekaterina N. Lazareva 1,2, Alexander E. Polozhenkov 3, Artem M. Mylnikov 3, Alla B. Bucharskaya 1,2,3, Valery V. Tuchin 1,2,4. 1 Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia. 2 Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia. 3 Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russia. 4 Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control RAS, Saratov, Russia
Abstract
An urgent problem of our time is the replacement of tobacco smoking with the use of devices with steam smoking mixtures. However, scientists have already proved that their use also has a negative effect on the human body causing irreversible changes [1]. Raman spectroscopy (RAMAN) is one of the methods that allows analyzing the molecular composition of a substance, in particular blood and its components (plasma) [2]. One of the functions of blood is transportation, which includes not only ordinary oxygen and nutrients, but also various chemical elements. For example, when inhaling "smoking mixtures", many chemical compounds enter the blood, including glycerin and propylene glycol [1, 3].
The aim of this work was to identify molecular and structural changes in rat blood plasma after exposure to aerosol with optical clearing agent (OCA-aerosol) by Raman spectroscopy. OCA - aerosol was glycerin and propylene glycol solution. Previously, an experiment was conducted during which laboratory rats were exposed to the inhalation effect of an OCA - aerosol. 5 inhalations were carried out per day for an average of 5-7 minutes with breaks of 15 minutes. The animals were removed from the experiment on day 14.
Based on the obtained dependences of the intensity of the Raman spectrum, it can be seen that the number of peaks in the group exposed to the OCA - aerosol significantly decreased in comparison with the control group. However, a peak appeared in the group after the OCA- aerosol, which is absent in the reference group. This is the peak located on the Raman shift band equal to 892 cm-1, which corresponds to protein compounds [4]. It is also clear that the centers of most peaks have shifted slightly, but some peaks have not changed their position relative to the abscissa axis. This phenomenon is observed on the bands of the Raman shift equal to: 422.85; 1010.58; 1112.65; 1217.44; 1342.91; 1415.5 and 1458.23 cm-1. The biggest difference between the peak centers is observed in the range from 553 to 559 cm-1, where it is 47.5%. The difference is smaller than all the others observed from 760 to 763 cm-1, where it is only 0.6%.
The reported study was funded by a grant under the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 220 of 09 April 2010 (Agreement No. 075-15-2021-615 of 04 June 2021).
[1] Didkowska, J., Wojciechowska, U., Manczuk, M., Lobaszewski, J., 2016. Lung cancer epidemiology: contemporary and future challenges worldwide. Ann. Transl. Med. 4, 150.
[2] Tuchin, V.V., Popp, J., Zakharov, V.P. 2020. Multimodal Optical Diagnostics of Cancer. Springer Nature, Switzerland.
[3] Restrepo, M.I., Chalmers, J.D., Song, Y., Mallow, C., Hewlett, J., Maldonado, F., Yarmus, L., 2017. Year in review 2016: respiratory infections, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pleural diseases, lung cancer and interventional pulmonology. Respirology 22, 602–611.
[4] Premasiri, W. R., Lee, J. C., and Ziegler, L. D., 2012. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of Whole Human Blood, Blood Plasma, and Red Blood Cells: Cellular Processes and Bioanalytical Sensing. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 116 (31), 9376-9386.
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Arina A. Sokova
Saratov State University
Russia
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