Photonic integrated circuits and superconducting nanowire single photon detectors for enhanced biomedical sensing
Vadim Kovalyuk,1,2 Aleksei Kuzin,3,4 Vasiliy Chernyshev,3 Pavel An,1,2 Alexander Golikov,1,5 Dmitry Gorin,3 Gregory Goltsman,2,4
1 Department of Physics, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Russia, 119992
2 Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Russia, 143025
3 Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Russia, 121205
4 National Research University Higher School of Economics, Russia, 101000
5 NTI Center for Quantum Communications, National University of Science and
Technology MISiS, Russia, 119049
Abstract
Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are devices similar to classical electronic integrated circuits, but using light, not electrons, to transmit and process information. While electronic integrated circuits are usually designed as arrays of transistors, PICs use a number of components (eg, waveguides, resonators, modulators, detectors) to control and detect light. Technological advances in materials science over the past two decades are moving towards combining a number of PIC functions into one small PIC. Such devices (laboratories-on-a-chip) are promising for reducing the size, power consumption, and the required volume of the analyte, as well as label-free mode operation. Along with the miniaturization of devices, the use of quantum technologies for sensing can significantly increase the functionality of systems and their level of sensitivity for biomedical diagnostics. One of the drivers in this field are single-photon detectors, which are used to identify and measure ultra-low concentrations of liquids and gases down to single molecules. Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) invented at Moscow State Pedagogical University (MSPU) in 2001 have come a long way from fundamental research to a commercial product and have achieved breakthrough characteristics in terms of efficiency, dark count rate and temporal resolution, especially in the middle and far IR wavelengths. Here we demonstrate the design principles, performance, and recent advances in the use of PICs and SNSPDs at MSPU, including hybrid nanophotonic circuits with microfluidic channels for liquid and gas sensing and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for measuring fluorescence lifetimes.
Speaker
Vadim Kovalyuk
Moscow State Pedagogical University
Russia
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