Plasmonic photothermal or/and photodynamic therapy of tumors: designing therapies
Alla Bucharskaya, Saratov State Medical University, Russia
Nikita Navolokin, Saratov State Medical University, Russia
Galina Maslyakova, Saratov State Medical University, Russia
Ekaterina Borisova, Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria
Boris Khlebtsov, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, RAS, Russia
Nikolai Khlebtsov, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, RAS, Russia
Alexey Bashkatov, Research National Saratov State University, Russia
Elina Genina, Research National Saratov State University, Russia
Valery Tuchin, Research National Saratov State University, Russia
Abstract
The application of nanoparticles in antitumor therapy is base on their use as thermal sensitizers for various types of hyperthermia. Innovative medical technologies with applying of plasmon-resonant gold nanoparticles (NP) will increase the efficiency and selectivity of antitumor laser therapy. The effective and safe antitumor plasmonic photothermal therapy requires solving a number of problems associated with the choice of the optimal method for delivering nanoparticles with reducing their accumulation in healthy tissues, visualization of NP accumulation in a tumor and optimizing therapy protocols. Photodynamic therapy based on the use of photosensitizers is also forward-looking method of antitumor therapy. However, the unsolved problems of photodynamic therapy remain to achieve the necessary accumulation of a photosensitizer in a tumor, a small penetrating ability of laser radiation in the red region of the spectrum, insufficient oxygenation of many tumors, and delayed biodegradation of photosensitizers.The new generations of photoactive compounds, which are derivatives of already well-established groups of photosensitizers, together with the modern light sources in the spectral region of their activation and in the PDT window range, are emerging as a reliable phototherapy approach for tumour treatment with higher efficiency. The shift to the combined treatment of tumors using several alternative methods is a current trend iof experimental and clinical oncology. A promising direction is the use of a combination of photothermal and photodynamic anticancer therapy. The prerequisites for this are the use of laser radiation in both methods, acceleration of photochemical reactions during hyperthermia and synergistic effect of PPT and PDT on tumor blood v.
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Alla Bucharskaya
Saratov State Medical University
Russia
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